Cyber Attacks

Cyber Attacks – are you prepared?

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Cyber AttacksI recently read a quote that was meant to apply to Businesses, but equally applies to anyone online. And it went like this:

When you are attempting to secure your business, you have to be right 100 percent of the time. The hacker only has to be right once.

This quote highlights the ever increasing issues we all have, but in particular businesses. A business that is the focus of a successful Cyber Attack can quickly accrue costs that can, at worst, send the business bankrupt. If you lose access to your data through a Ransomware Attack and you don’t have a recent backup, or even a backup at all, you will quickly find it difficult to run your business, and you will lose customers. Not to mention the costs involved removing the threat, and securing your systems.

Cyber Attacks are in epidemic proportions. Just in the last two weeks there were two high profile incidents. One was on the Queensland State Government, and more recently, the National Census Website. Although the latter is probably more about the websites inability to cope with the traffic, nonetheless, it was subject to what is known as a DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service) Attack, designed to bring down a website and potentially expose security holes.

The Cost of Cyber Attacks

The average total cost of a data breaches world wide is around $3.79 million. The costs from cyber attacks include, remediation costs, lost productivity, legal fees, lost data and lower stock prices.

When Pokémon Go was released, Hackers created bogus versions of the App that was infected with malware which enabled the Hackers to access mobile phones and accounts. Just imagine how many businesses were put at risk from the millions of compromised smart phones. In 2014, a WordPress Plug-in allowed an estimated 50,000 websites to be hacked that allowed Hackers to upload PHP files to the Server and control the website.  And it allowed the infection of all the other websites Hosted on the same Server.

The total cost to the world economy for computer and network cyber crime is $445 billion!!!

So what can you do to protect your Business?

  1. Be proactive, not reactive. Don’t wait until something goes wrong. Have someone in your organisation that is responsible for ensuring that all PC’s have good Security Software, and that it is up to date. They must also ensure that all Windows Updates, Java, Adobe Flash and Adobe Reader updates are carried out as they become available.
  2. Talk to your employees. Make sure that all your employees are up to speed on doing, and not doing certain things. Things like not opening email attachments they shouldn’t, particularly if they are in .zip format. But any email attachments that seem odd or out of character. Train them to recognise what bogus emails look like. For example, the typical Phishing emails from the Banks, Australia Post, Courier Companies etc. Your employees are the first line of defence, but also the weakest component if they don’t understand what to look out for.
  3. Keep your website secure. If you have a Website, particularly if it is based on the WordPress and Joomla platforms, it is imperative that the platform, and all Plug-in’s, are kept up to date. Equally important is the use of security Plug-in’s to help mitigate any Cyber Attacks. Keep your website secure!!

Spotty Dog Computer Services can check your computer for viruses to minimise your risk to Cyber Attacks.

Ransomware

Ransomware – What can you do about it?

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RansomwareRansomware has been on the rise over the last six months.

I have noticed a huge increase in the number of inquiries from people who have been infected with viruses that have encrypted the data on their Hard Drives.

This article gives you some options for decrypting your data without paying the ransom.

These viruses, collectively know as “Ransomware”, encrypt your files (Documents, Photos and other files) and then attempt to extort you by requesting payment to unlock those files.

Up until recent times, my advice has been that there is little choice other than to wipe the Hard Drive and reinstall Windows and software, and if available, restore a backup of your files.

Recently however, a couple of other options have come to my attention.

Ransomware Decryption Tools

The first comes from AVG. They have released six Decryption Tools that (if you’re lucky) may help with decrypting your data.

The six methods of encrytion that these tools target are:

  • Apocalypse,
  • BadBlock,
  • Crypt888,
  • Legion,
  • SZFLocker, and
  • TeslaCrypt.

You can access these decryption tools here.

The second option is in the form of other decryption tools from a website setup by Europol.

These tools attempt to decrypt the following:

CoinVault

The National High Tech Crime Unit (NHTCU) of the Netherlands’ police, the Netherlands’ National Prosecutors Office and Kaspersky Lab, have been working together to fight the CoinVault and Bitcryptor ransomware campaigns.

RannohDecryptor

The RannohDecryptor tool is intended to be used to decrypt files encrypted by:

  • Rannoh,
  • AutoIt,
  • Fury,
  • Crybola,
  • Cryakl, and
  • CryptXXX versions 1 and 2 (files encrypted by Trojan-Ransom.Win32.CryptXXX version 3 are detected, but not decrypted).

RakhniDecryptor

The RakhniDecryptor tool is intended to be used to decrypt files encrypted by:

  • Rakhni,
  • Agent.iih,
  • Aura,
  • Autoit,
  • Pletor,
  • Rotor,
  • Lamer,
  • Lortok,
  • Cryptokluchen,
  • Democry, and
  • Bitman (TeslaCrypt) version 3 and 4.

ShadeDecryptor

ShadeDecryptor can decrypt files with the following extensions: .xtbl, .ytbl, .breaking_bad, .heisenberg.

You can access these decryption tools here.

Prevention is better than cure

Of course it goes without saying that prevention is better than cure.

The reason you will get one of these viruses normally stems from opening an attachment in a Phishing email.

A Phishing email is one that is constructed to look like it comes from a reputable source.

Examples are:

  • The Bank;
  • An Energy supplier. ie. AGL, Origin etc;
  • Australia Post;
  • A Courier. ie DHL, Toll etc.

Also, the prevailing advice is never pay the ransom.

By paying cybercriminals, you only confirm that ransomware works, but more importantly, there is no guarantee that you will receive the encryption key you need to unlock your data.

Spotty Dog Computer Services can remove Ransomware from your Computer.

 

Ransomware – The do’s and don’ts to protect you and your business

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ransomwareRansomware (viral infections that encrypt data on your hard drive), are becoming more prevalent. Cryptowall and Cryptolocker are two that are increasingly infecting computers world wide, with an estimated 545,000 infections from between Sep 2013 to May 2014. Ransomwares’ purpose is to attempt to extort money from the victim with the promise that your data will be restored after payment.

The Senior Manager of Symantec’s Cyber Readiness & Response, Bob Shaker recently stated, “We’ve seen a sharp rise in requests from customers with respect to Ransomware.”

Mr Shaker tells the story of trying to help a customer who, after being infected with a ransomware virus, could only sit and watch while his company’s data was wiped out, file by file. “I never want to have to go through that again,” he says.

Since then, Symantec has gone to great efforts to ensure that businesses understand the risks and have a clear picture of what to do, and what not to do, to protect themselves from becoming a victim of Ransomware.

Here are some Ransomware Do’s and Don’ts

1. NEVER pay the Ransom!

Your first response will undoubtedly be panic, and your first instinct will be to pay the Ransom.
Don’t do it. This will just encourage the attackers, and help fund further development of these types of attacks.
And even if you do pay, there is no guarantee that you will get your data back.

Instead, Do:

Remove the infected system from the network if you are on one, and clean the system of all viruses.
Then restore data from a known good backup. Restoring data from a backup is the quickest way to get back up and running.

2. Do install a quality security solution

A multi-faceted security solution (like Norton Internet Security for example) should be installed. Norton has protections for not just file-based threats (traditional Viruses), but it also includes download protection, browser protection, heuristic detection technologies, a firewall and a community sourced file reputation scoring system.

3. Do educate employees

One of the main ways you can be infected is through “Spear Phishing”. This is whereby an unsolicited email arrives from an unknown sender that incorporates an attachment that, when opened, executes a program (the virus).
If you have employees, you must take the time to educate them about these threats, and how to recognise suspicious links and attachments, and what they should do in such circumstances.

4. Do use content scanning and filtering on your mail servers

All Incoming emails should be scanned for known threats and should block any attachment types that could potentially pose a threat.

5. Do make sure that all computers and software are kept up-to-date with security patches and updates

Compromised websites are frequently used to spread viruses. Regular patching of vulnerable software like Internet Browsers, Java, and Adobe Flash is necessary to help prevent infection.

6. Do limit end user access to mapped network drives

Ransomware is capable of looking for and encrypting data on any mapped drives that a user has access to. Restricting permissions for shared folders and files of a mapped network drive will limit what the Ransomware virus will be able to encrypt.

7. Do make sure that you have a comprehensive backup solution in place.

The fastest way to get back up and running after this sort of attack is to have a backup of your data.

These Dos and Don’ts will not prevent an attack, but they can certainly reduce your risk level.

Safer Internet Browsing

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Safer Internet BrowsingWell I’ve come to the conclusion that if people want a safer Internet browsing experience, then everyone needs to critically look at what they are doing online, how they are doing it, and what they should be doing but aren’t.

It has become painfully evident that the main reason PC’s are getting infected and compromised with viruses and malware is because of the User’s activities online, in conjunction with the User’s reluctance to do updates when they are presented.  The reason why updates are important to safe browsing is because if you don’t do them, simply visiting a compromised or deliberately malicious website can infect your PC.  This is regardless of what Security software you use.  There are something like 50,000 new viruses being released every single day, so it is near on impossible to protect yourself against that.

The other subject I will cover is what Browser I recommend and why, but I’ll address the updates issue first.

I am consistently told by User’s that they do not do updates for several reasons.  Those being:

  1. I never know if they are legitimate.
  2. They take too long.
  3. I have done updates in the past and they caused problems.
  4. I couldn’t be bothered.

Let’s look at these excuses one by one.

I never know if they are legitimate.  This is just a ridiculous thing to say.  If you get a pop-up or a message that tells you there is an update available, and you don’t know whether it is legitimate, then you must also believe that you are infected with something malicious, so why aren’t you doing something about it?  You must do all updates including Java, Adobe Flash, Adobe Reader, and all Windows Updates.  These updates generally address security holes that can be exploited by Hackers and bad people in general.  It is a no brainer and is not an option.

They take too long.  Seriously?  You can sit on Facebook for two hours but you don’t have time to do updates?  Try this. Switch on the computer, let it boot-up, get your updates underway and go for a walk in the fresh air.  Both yourself and your computer will be better for it.

I have done updates in the past and they caused problems.  This one I can understand.  I’ve done plenty of updates myself and afterwards the computer has crashed or something else just isn’t right.  However, this just isn’t an excuse for not doing updates.  There will be some underlying problem that has caused the issue.  You might already be infected with a virus that is screwing up the update for example.  Whatever the issue, you should address it and resolve it.

I couldn’t be bothered.  Well what can I say to this?  If this is your attitude then expect that it will be a case of when you get infected rather than if.  Not much more to say about this one!!!

Also, when you are thinking updates,  DON’T FORGET  to make sure you always have the latest version of your Security Software and Browser.

For example, quite often I see people with AVG 2011 or 2012 installed, but the current version is 2013.

The same applies to your Browser.

I see Internet Explorer 8 installed, when IE9 (latest version compatible with XP) or IE10 is available.

What Browser should you use?

I think the Browser of choice is Mozilla Firefox.

My reasons for thinking this are:

  • It’s more secure than the default Internet Explorer.
  • You can install add-on’s and extensions that give it greater functionality, but more importantly extra security.

Which Add-on’s or Extensions should you use in Firefox?

Well there are literally thousands of Add-on’s and Extensions available, but there are 3 that I consider essential.

They are:

  • NoScript – No longer available.
  • BetterPrivacy – No longer available.
  • Adblock Plus – This Add-on isn’t specifically a security Add-on, but by blocking Ad’s, you won’t be tempted to click on things you possibly shouldn’t.  Besides, who needs all those Ad’s anyway?  Adblock Plus blocks all annoying ads on the web by default: video ads on YouTube, Facebook ads, flashy banners, pop-ups, pop-unders and much more.

What about Security Software?

My advice to people on this changes periodically.

13 years ago I would have recommended VET Antivirus, but then it changed to CA Antivirus and that’s when the problems started.  Since then the recommendations have ranged from a choice of free to paid for products.

Currently I am recommending Norton Internet Security.

I am finding that this product is offering very good protection, functions and features including Social Media protection, and at a price of $29 for 12 months cover, it’s great value as well.

So what does it all mean?

The main points are:

  • Do all the updates including Windows, Java, Adobe Flash and Adobe Reader.
  • Use Firefox with the recommended Extensions and Add-on’s.
  • Use good security software.

But above all else, use your brain before clicking on or downloading anything.

Be absolutely sure that you know it is legitimate first.

Spotty Dog Computer Services can help provide you with a Safer Internet Browsing experience.

Adobe Patches Exploit in Acrobat and Reader

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Adobe has released a critical update to users of their Reader software, patching a critical vulnerability that can allow hackers to take control of a victims’ computer.

Adobe recommends the Patch for all users of Adobe Reader and Acrobat, version XI and earlier. The update affects Windows, Macintosh, and Linux users for versions 11.0.01, 10.1.5, 9.x, and all earlier versions. The patch can be downloaded from Adobe’s website, or through the automatic update feature.

Adobe has said that while automatic updates are enabled by default, individuals can manually check for an update by clicking on Help > Check for Updates.

The exploit was discovered by a security company named FireEye, and they appear to be the first people to breach the technology used by Adobe to protect their software. In an attack, victims would typically receive an email with a PDF attached, which in turn contains a well hidden JavaScript.

When the attachment is opened, the embedded Malware will download two DLL files.  One file will display a fake error message and open a PDF document, and the other one installs “callback” software onto the victim’s computer. Once this software is installed, it “calls back” to a Remote Server.

Those with Adobe Reader or Adobe Acrobat (which is just about everyone) should update their software immediately.  This can be done through either the software itself, or directly from Adobe. If for some reason you can’t update your Adobe software, you can instigate “Protected View” in Reader or Acrobat. This will reduce the number of options available in the software (eg. printing) but it will prevent malicious code from being executed from within documents.

To turn on “Protected View,” go to Edit> Preferences > Security (Enhanced) and then check the box next to “Files from potentially unsafe locations.” You can also check the “All Files” option, as well.

Remember, always be on the lookout for weird or unsolicited emails with PDF attachments. It is also a good policy to check with the sender to see if the attachment is legitimate or not. They might thank you, because it could be the only warning that their PC has been compromised (and it will keep you safe, too).

How to Spot Fake Anti-Virus Software

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fake-antivirus

 

This is a very good article on Fake Anti-virus software and it’s implications.

Take the time to read it and you may prevent the pain of Identity Theft and Credit Card Fraud!!!

 

Article by Sue Marquette Poremba

Fake anti-virus (AV) software is a pain in the rear. It’s annoying as all get-out. And it can do a lot of damage to your computer. Just when you think you’ve figured out that it’s fake, the bad guys make changes.

If you’re lucky enough to have never experienced fake AV, it usually arrives as a piece of malware that pops up on your screen with a dire warning that your computer is infested with viruses — a lot of them.

If you click on the button, it offers to download the AV software to “clean” your computer. But that’s not a good idea.

“There are many versions of fake AV currently circulating on the Internet today,” said Raul Alvarez, senior security researcher for Fortinet’s FortiGuard Labs in Sunnyvale, Calif. “While there are different variations, styles and names, they all share a common feature set.”

Anatomy of a scam

The first feature is a professional-looking graphical user interface that makes it look like a legitimate anti-virus application. Once the fake AV gets into a user’s computer system, it launches the interface and pretends to begin “scanning” the computer.

Once the “scan” is finished, fake AV typically tells the user that the system is riddled with malicious software

Next comes the crucial part: The fake AV wants payment in order to “clean” the system of all that bogus malware.

But don’t enter that credit-card information. Once you do, all that data gets shipped off to Eastern Europe or Brazil, and you immediately become a prime candidate for identity theft.

Even worse, some fake AV loads real malware, meaning you’ve just paid to have your computer infected, and others log your keystrokes or try to steal other information from your machine.

[8 Security Basics the Experts Want You to Know]

The new breed

Alvarez and his colleagues recently found a new variant of fake AV that’s got a brand-new look. They’ve given it the catchy name of W32/FakeAV.RA!tr.

“Once the malware is installed, an infected user receives a warning message that reads the software has discovered a spyware infection,” Alvarez said.

The warning balloon looks like it’s coming not from some random anti-virus software that you’ve never heard of, but from the real anti-virus package you’ve already installed. That’s pretty sneaky.

The next part of the scam is par for the course.

“When a user clicks on this warning message, a new application window that resembles a legitimate anti-virus application appears, starts ‘scanning’ the system and begins displaying detected infections,” Alvarez said.

“Once the detection phase is complete, a new window appears that displays the number of infections the software has discovered. The window also includes an option for the user to remove the detected threats or ‘Continue unprotected.’ Common sense dictates a user selects remove the ‘threats.'”

If you continue to click through, you’ll next be asked for your credit-card information and you are taken to a checkout screen. Then things get bad.

“This version of fake AV displays a warning message whenever a user tries launching a program and is particularly nasty as it doesn’t allow a user to launch any applications from their computer,” Alvarez said.

How to protect yourself

Computers are infected with fake AV through infected email attachments, links within emails or social-media links that lead users to malicious sites that automatically infect PCs and Macs via drive-by downloads.

The trick to avoiding fake AV infection is to know what’s already on your system. You should already have genuine anti-virus software that you’ve personally bought or installed.

Alvarez recommended being familiar with your anti-virus software and to know what it looks like when prompts you for an update, if it isn’t done automatically.

If an update or scan prompt doesn’t match your regular anti-virus software prompt, fake AV has most likely made its way onto your computer.

“Don’t forget, you already paid for the software on your computer,” Alvarez said, “so if you are being asked to pay for something, it is fake.”

If you do end up with fake AV on your system, be assured that you aren’t alone — this is a billion-dollar business for criminals.

First, scan your computer with your legitimate anti-virus software. If it’s blocked by the fake AV, reboot your computer in “safe” mode and scan again.

“In addition, it is advised to do an ‘offline scan,” Alvarez said. “This means a computer should to be scanned and cleaned outside of the full operating system to complete remediation.

“This requires a restart into the Windows Pre-installation Environment (WinPE) to run a scanning utility, such as Windows Defender Offline scan tool,” he added.

Article Source: Security News Daily

Internet Crime and Taxes are two of life’s certainties

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AVG (AU/NZ) reminds consumers and small businesses to be alert to the latest online scams and phishing attacks targeting this tax return season.

MELBOURNE, 13 June 2012 — Ahead of this year’s tax return season, AVG (AU/NZ) Pty Ltd, distributor of AVG Technologies’ award-winning AVG Internet and mobile security software in Australia, New Zealand and South Pacific, alerts consumers and small businesses to the latest attempts by cyber criminals to gain access to lucrative identity and financial information. With upwards of 2.5 million individuals using the Australian Tax Office’s e-Tax electronic tax return service, cyber criminals have a huge, potentially receptive audience for their activities. Security Advisor at AVG (AU/NZ), Michael McKinnon, said: “Internet crime and taxes are now two of life’s certainties. Cyber criminals are starting to release this year’s crop of end of financial year scams to trick taxpayers into revealing highly valuable personal and financial information. As younger members of the community join the workforce and others shift from paper-based to online tax return processes, there is always a new audience for inventive tax season scams.” There’s a certain inevitability about June 30: it will bring new ways to scam the unwary and new phishing frauds asking for your credit card details including:

  • Offers of government grants needing to make payments prior to the end of the financial year.
  • Prompts for baby bonus applications.
  • Assistance to find lost superannuation funds.
  • Notification that your company tax rate has changed.

The Government’s SCAMWatch website is currently alerting Australians to be aware of Carbon Price scams seeking your personal banking details to pay carbon tax compensation into your bank account or offering to sell you fake carbon credits. Many of us now communicate directly with tax advisors via email so other tricks include sending phishing emails that ask you to open what appear to be legitimate attachments to fill out personal details. The simple act of clicking on that attachment could redirect you to a malicious website, or deliver to your computer an infection that could launch an attack on your accounts and extract financial details. McKinnon said: “When you consider all the information included in your return – your tax file number, details of investments, retirement accounts, employment, the property you own – in the hands of cyber criminals, your identity and more could be at risk. And if you see an offer that looks too good to be true – avoid it. Any offer of an online refund will absolutely be a scam because that’s not how the ATO or any other Australian government agency operates.”

Some top tips to help you safely file your tax return this year:

  • Use the end of financial year to review your personal or business online security systems to ensure your protection is fully and automatically up to date – on all computers, phones, other mobile technologies, plus USB and other memory devices from which you will gather, store and send your financial information.
  • Do your homework by reviewing the ATO and SCAMWatch online security pages.
  • In communicating with your tax advisor, consider creating a password protected Zip file of your financial data.
  • Always open your e-Tax filing directly from the ATO’s site (www.ato.gov.au); never click through to the site from an email invitation. The filing of tax returns directly via the ATO’s e-Tax service is secure.
  • Always use a trusted WiFi or Ethernet connection from your home or office to file your tax return – never use a public WiFi without a firewall in place and Internet security installed.
  • Be cautious of anything that you haven’t directly requested and only respond to those communications you’ve initiated.
  • Delete all related emails from your server once you’ve filed your return.
  • While the ATO uses emails and SMS for service alerts, it will never request the confirmation, update or disclosure of confidential personal details. If you receive suspect communication from ‘the ATO’ or any other ‘government department’, do not click on any links in an email or answer phone questions. Report it immediately to the ATO.

Tax Time Cyber Crime Assistance

  • Examples of current Tax Refund scams: http://www.ato.gov.au/onlinesecurity
  • The Australian Government’s cybersecurity website, Stay Smart Online, provides information for Australian Internet users on the simple steps they can take to protect their personal and financial information online.
  • Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC)’s SCAMWatch provides information to consumers and small businesses about how to recognise, avoid and report scams.